Posts Tagged NSCs
[Abstract] The role of neurogenesis during development and in the adult brain.
Posted by Kostas Pantremenos in Neuroplasticity on March 1, 2017
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) give rise to neurons during development. NSCs persist and neurogenesis continues in restricted regions of postnatal and adult brains. Adult-born neurons integrate into existing neural circuits by synaptic connections and participate in the regulation of brain function. Thus, understanding NSCs and neurogenesis may be crucial in the development of new strategies for brain repair. Here, we introduce the lineage of NSCs from embryonic to adult stages and summarize recent studies on maturation and integration of adult-born neurons. We also discuss the regulation and potential functions of adult neurogenesis in physiological and pathological conditions.
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[ARTICLE] Stem Cells in the Adult Brain: Neurogenesis – Encyclopedia of Molecular Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine
Posted by Kostas Pantremenos in Neuroplasticity, Uncategorized on January 19, 2015
Abstract
The discovery that the adult mammalian brain continuously generates new neurons and glia throughout its life has altered the present view of brain plasticity and raised hope for ameliorating neurological disorders. Newborn neurons arise from neural stem cells (NSCs) located in specialized brain regions of all mammalian species, including humans. The NSCs are regulated by these specialized environments, or niches, and are subject to dynamic regulation by many physiological, pathological, and pharmacological stimuli.
Increasing evidence suggests that adult NSCs significantly contribute to specialized adaptive behavior through neural circuitry refinement. In this chapter, attention is focused on the current understanding of NSCs in the adult mammalian central nervous system, including subjects of their identity, niche, regulation, and emerging concepts on their heterogeneity and lineage relationships.
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